K-wires are used for fixation of bone fragments of epi-/metaphyseal fractures, fractures of small bones, but also for reduction of fragments in multifragmental fractures to achieve stable fixation.

History of K-wire

In 1909, Martin Kirschner introduced the Kirschner wire (K-wire), initially used for skeletal traction but now serving various purposes. Its development was influenced by changing surgical goals and the introduction of antibiotics. Early K-wires were hammered into predrilled holes, but drilling became the standard insertion method due to its simplicity and benefits like percutaneous insertion. However, this technique can cause temperature elevation, leading to potential osteonecrosis and heat-related complications.

Different types of K-wire tips

Drilling Efficiency and Temperature of Three Types of Kirschner Wires

Using the same drill speed (rev/min) and feed rate, the medin K-wire point produced the lowest thrust force and torque. Drill point temperatures were highest with the trochar geometry (129 ± 6°C), followed by the diamond (98 ± 7°C). The lowest temperatures were recorded with the Medin K-wire (66 ± 2°C). On repeated drilling it could be used for up to 30 holes before reaching the less satisfactory drill performance of the diamond tip. The medin K-wire provides a better alternative as it requires less effort for insertion, generates less heat and may be re-used.

Graph 1 showing the thrust force and graph 2 the torque moment during the tool life test of the Medin wires in pig cortical bone (drill speed n = 280rev/min, feed rate f = 0.1mm/rev). For comparison the mean thrust force and torque moment of the diamond tip are included.

Graph 3 showing the temperature elevation for different K-wire tips when drilling into pig cortical bone over 35 seconds (drill speed n = 280 rev/min, feed rate f = 0.1 mm/rev).

About CareFix

CareFix is ​​'n professionele nasionale hoëtegnologie-onderneming wat betrokke is by die ontwerp van ortopediese mediese toerusting, produksie, verkope en diens. Gestig in 2009, ons het gewy aan pediatriese inplantings,voet & enkelinplanting,external fixation. Welkom om ons fabriek te besoek,dit is sowat 'n halfuur vanaf Sjanghai Hongqiao-lughawe.